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Procházení historie v bashi klávesami PgUp a PgDn

Raspberry Pi

8.3.2019 0

V dobách, kdy jsem používal Gentoo, jsem se naučil procházet historii příkazů shellu bash klávesami PageUp a PageDown. Velice rychle jsem si na to zvykl. Protože však tato funkce není vždy ve výchozím nastavení povolena, bývá i málo využívána.

Pro povolení prohledávání je třeba zeditovat soubor /etc/inputrc:

# /etc/inputrc - global inputrc for libreadline
# See readline(3readline) and `info rluserman' for more information.

# Be 8 bit clean.
set input-meta on
set output-meta on

# To allow the use of 8bit-characters like the german umlauts, uncomment
# the line below. However this makes the meta key not work as a meta key,
# which is annoying to those which don't need to type in 8-bit characters.

# set convert-meta off

# try to enable the application keypad when it is called.  Some systems
# need this to enable the arrow keys.
# set enable-keypad on

# see /usr/share/doc/bash/inputrc.arrows for other codes of arrow keys

# do not bell on tab-completion
# set bell-style none
# set bell-style visible

# some defaults / modifications for the emacs mode
$if mode=emacs

# allow the use of the Home/End keys
"\e[1~": beginning-of-line
"\e[4~": end-of-line

# allow the use of the Delete/Insert keys
"\e[3~": delete-char
"\e[2~": quoted-insert

# mappings for "page up" and "page down" to step to the beginning/end
# of the history
# "\e[5~": beginning-of-history
# "\e[6~": end-of-history

# alternate mappings for "page up" and "page down" to search the history
"\e[5~": history-search-backward
"\e[6~": history-search-forward

# mappings for Ctrl-left-arrow and Ctrl-right-arrow for word moving
"\e[1;5C": forward-word
"\e[1;5D": backward-word
"\e[5C": forward-word
"\e[5D": backward-word
"\e\e[C": forward-word
"\e\e[D": backward-word

$if term=rxvt
"\e[7~": beginning-of-line
"\e[8~": end-of-line
"\eOc": forward-word
"\eOd": backward-word
$endif

# for non RH/Debian xterm, can't hurt for RH/Debian xterm
# "\eOH": beginning-of-line
# "\eOF": end-of-line

# for freebsd console
# "\e[H": beginning-of-line
# "\e[F": end-of-line

$endif

# /etc/inputrc - global inputrc for libreadline

# See readline(3readline) and `info rluserman' for more information.

# Be 8 bit clean.

set input-meta on

set output-meta on

# To allow the use of 8bit-characters like the german umlauts, uncomment

# the line below. However this makes the meta key not work as a meta key,

# which is annoying to those which don't need to type in 8-bit characters.

# set convert-meta off

# try to enable the application keypad when it is called. Some systems

# need this to enable the arrow keys.

# set enable-keypad on

# see /usr/share/doc/bash/inputrc.arrows for other codes of arrow keys

# do not bell on tab-completion

# set bell-style none

# set bell-style visible

# some defaults / modifications for the emacs mode

$if mode=emacs

# allow the use of the Home/End keys

"\e[1~": beginning-of-line

"\e[4~": end-of-line

# allow the use of the Delete/Insert keys

"\e[3~": delete-char

"\e[2~": quoted-insert

# mappings for "page up" and "page down" to step to the beginning/end

# of the history

# "\e[5~": beginning-of-history

# "\e[6~": end-of-history

# alternate mappings for "page up" and "page down" to search the history

"\e[5~": history-search-backward

"\e[6~": history-search-forward

# mappings for Ctrl-left-arrow and Ctrl-right-arrow for word moving

"\e[1;5C": forward-word

"\e[1;5D": backward-word

"\e[5C": forward-word

"\e[5D": backward-word

"\e\e[C": forward-word

"\e\e[D": backward-word

$if term=rxvt

"\e[7~": beginning-of-line

"\e[8~": end-of-line

"\eOc": forward-word

"\eOd": backward-word

$endif

# for non RH/Debian xterm, can't hurt for RH/Debian xterm

# "\eOH": beginning-of-line

# "\eOF": end-of-line

# for freebsd console

# "\e[H": beginning-of-line

# "\e[F": end-of-line

$endif

Zde je třeba „odkomentovat” řádky s funkcí history-search-backward a history-search-forward. Změny se projeví až po novém startu bashe.

Použiťí je jednoduché. Napíšete začátek příkazu, který už jste použili, třeba cd. Potom stiskejte klávesu PgUp. V příkazovém řádku se budou objevovat varianty, které jste použili dříve. Ty můžete rovnou použít stiskem Enter nebo nejprve upravit.

Bash má spoustu dalších funkcí, které usnadňují psaní v terminálu. V angličtině se o nich hezky píše v článku Advancing in the Bash Shell. Pozor ale na to, že ne všechny klávesové zkratky budou fungovat ve virtuální konzoli.

Petr

Tags: Linux

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